Publication Rules and Submission Guidelines

9.1 Eligibility Criteria for Initial Acceptance

A manuscript will be considered for peer review only if it meets the following minimum requirements:

Scientific and Methodological Quality: The research must have a clear, sound, and appropriate methodology, with results and conclusions adequately supported by the study.
Language and Presentation: The manuscript must be written in clear, accurate, and appropriate academic language and presented in a professional scholarly format.
Originality and Similarity: The manuscript must be original and not previously published. All submissions are subject to plagiarism and similarity screening. The overall similarity index should not exceed 20%, subject to editorial assessment of the nature and sources of the identified similarities.
Manuscript Length: The complete manuscript, including tables, figures, references, and other essential components, should normally not exceed 20 pages unless otherwise approved by the Editorial Committee.

9.2 Submission Process

Electronic Submission: Manuscripts shall be submitted electronically through the Journal’s designated submission system or to the Editor-in-Chief, using the official templates and author guidelines available on the Journal’s website. Each submission must be accompanied by the required Author Declaration Form.

Author Declaration: The corresponding author must confirm that the manuscript is original, has not been previously published, and is not under consideration by another journal or publishing body.

Initial Screening: Upon receipt, the manuscript shall undergo an initial editorial screening to assess its scope, originality, scientific quality, formatting, and compliance with the Journal’s requirements. All manuscripts shall be screened using plagiarism/similarity-detection software before peer review.

Peer Review: Manuscripts that pass the initial screening shall be assigned to qualified and independent reviewers for a confidential blind peer-review process. Reviewers shall be selected based on relevant expertise, competence, and integrity. Reviewers and editors shall maintain confidentiality, objectivity, and impartiality throughout the evaluation process.

Editorial Decision: Authors shall be notified by email of the editorial decision, which may include acceptance, minor or major revision, or rejection.

Revision: Where revisions are required, authors shall submit a revised manuscript addressing the reviewers’ and editors’ comments within the specified timeframe. Revised manuscripts may be subject to further review where necessary.

Final Acceptance and Publication: Following final acceptance and completion of all required editorial and production procedures, the manuscript shall be scheduled for publication in an appropriate forthcoming issue, in accordance with the Journal’s editorial schedule.

Supplementary Materials: Authors are encouraged to submit large datasets, high-resolution figures, extended tables, additional derivations, or other supporting materials as Supplementary Materials. Such materials shall be submitted separately, may be peer-reviewed alongside the manuscript, and shall be cited appropriately in the main text. Approved Supplementary Materials may be published online with the article and shall not normally count toward the Journal’s 20-page manuscript limit.

9.3 Formatting and Presentation Requirements

Authors shall prepare and submit manuscripts in accordance with the following requirements:

File Format: Manuscripts must be submitted electronically in Microsoft Word (.docx) format. Other file formats will not be accepted for the main manuscript.
Page Layout and Font: Manuscripts shall be prepared on A4 paper with normal margins, using Times New Roman throughout. The title shall be 14 pt, and the main text shall be 12 pt, with 1.15 line spacing and justified alignment.
Title Page: The first page shall include the full manuscript title, followed by the full names of all authors. Author names shall be in Times New Roman, 10 pt, with each author's affiliation, full postal address including country, email address, and ORCID iD provided.
Abstract and Keywords: The abstract shall not exceed 300 words, provide a concise summary of the study and its principal findings, and contain no references. Each manuscript shall include 3–6 keywords. A horizontal line shall separate the abstract and keywords from the main text.
Manuscript Layout: The main body of the manuscript shall be presented in a two- column format.
Arabic Abstract: An Arabic version of the abstract shall be included as the final page of the manuscript, following the complete English-language content.
Manuscript Structure: Manuscripts should generally follow this order: Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Methodology/Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgements, References, and Appendices, where applicable.
Headings: Headings shall follow a clear and consistent hierarchy:
First-level headings: FULL CAPITALS, bold, and centered.
Second-level headings: Italicized, aligned left; text begins on the following line.
Third-level headings: Italicized, aligned left; text begins on the following line.
Fourth-level headings: Italicized, aligned left; text continues on the same line.
Further subdivisions may be identified using (1), (2), (3) or (a), (b), (c), as appropriate.
Figures and Tables: All figures and tables shall be numbered consecutively and placed within the manuscript close to their first citation. Figures should be provided at suitable publication quality, preferably in JPEG, PNG, TIFF, or other appropriate high- resolution formats. Authors may also be requested to provide original figure files separately during production.
Language: Manuscripts shall be written in British English, following the conventions of the Oxford English Dictionary. Authors are encouraged to set their word-processing software to English (UK) for spelling and grammar checking.
Manuscript Length: The complete manuscript, including tables and figures, shall normally not exceed 20 pages. Supplementary Materials, where accepted, are excluded from this limit.
References and Citations: All information, ideas, data, and material derived from external sources must be appropriately cited in the text. The Journal shall use a numbered citation system, with in-text citations corresponding to the numbered reference list at the end of the manuscript.
Consistency and Quality: Authors are responsible for ensuring that the manuscript is clear, consistent, accurately formatted, and free from typographical, grammatical, and formatting errors before submission.

9.4 Measurements and Numbers

Units: Measurements shall be reported using the International System of Units (SI) wherever applicable. Non-SI units may be included where necessary, with the SI equivalent provided.

Equations: Equations shall be numbered consecutively, with the number placed in parentheses and aligned to the right margin. Equations shall be cited in the text as Eq. (1), Eq. (2), etc.

Large Numbers: Numbers of more than four digits shall be grouped in sets of three using spaces rather than commas (e.g., 32 134, not 32,134). Four-digit numbers shall be written without separators (e.g., 7341).

Decimal Numbers: A zero shall precede the decimal point for numbers less than one (e.g., 0.637, not .637).

Symbols and Units: No space shall be placed between a numerical value and the degree symbol when expressing temperature (e.g., 37°C, not 37° C). Similarly, no space shall be used within sample or specimen designations (e.g., 15a, not 15 a).

Abbreviations: The abbreviation “no.” shall be used for “number” (e.g., well no. 6 and well nos. 6 and 9).

9.5 References

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all references are accurate, complete, and consistently cited. The following requirements apply:

Every source cited in the main text, tables, figures, and captions must appear in the reference list, and every reference listed must be cited in the manuscript. Author names and publication years must be consistent throughout.
References cited as “in preparation,” “submitted,” or unpublished manuscripts shall not normally be included in the reference list. They may be mentioned in the text where appropriate.
For works with more than two authors, cite the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” in the text. All authors should be listed in the reference list.
Multiple references cited together in the text shall be arranged in chronological order, for example: (Smith and Davidson, 1988; Hammuda et al., 1990; Sebta and Busrewil, 1996).
The reference list shall be arranged alphabetically by the first author’s surname and, where the same author or author group has multiple publications, chronologically by year.
Journal titles shall be written in full or in a recognized standard abbreviation, provided the same convention is used consistently throughout the reference list.
Titles of works published in languages other than English shall be retained in their original language. For works written in non-Latin scripts, a transliterated or translated title should be provided, together with an appropriate language note, such as (in Russian) or (in Greek, with English abstract).
Personal communications shall be cited in the text only and shall not be included in the reference list, for example: (J. McNary, Pers. Comm., 1968).
Where available, authors should provide the DOI for journal articles and other digital publications to facilitate reliable identification and long-term citation.

Reference Formats

References shall follow the formats below

Journal Articles

Author(s) (surname, initials), year, article title, journal title, volume, issue, page range, DOI where available.

Books

Author(s), year, book title, publisher, city, total number of pages.

Book Chapters

Author(s), year, chapter title, In: Editor(s) (eds.), book title, publisher, city, page range.

Institutional and Technical Publications

Author(s) or issuing organization, year, title, publisher or institution, city, total pages.

Theses and Dissertations

Author, year, title, degree type, institution, city, country.

Electronic Sources

Author or organization, year, title, publisher or website, DOI or stable URL where applicable, and date of access where required.

9.6 Rejection of Submissions

The Editorial Committee reserves the right to reject a manuscript without peer review when it fails to meet the Journal’s essential requirements or editorial standards, including but not limited to:

Non-compliance with the Journal’s author guidelines, formatting requirements, scope, or minimum scientific and ethical standards.
Duplicate or simultaneous submission, including manuscripts that have been previously published or are under consideration by another journal or publishing body.
Plagiarism, inappropriate use of previously published material, or failure to properly acknowledge or obtain permission for copyrighted content, where required.
Serious deficiencies in scientific quality, methodology, originality, or ethical conduct that make the manuscript unsuitable for peer review.
Content outside the scope of the Journal or insufficiently relevant to its stated aims and subject areas.

All rejection decisions shall be made fairly, objectively, and consistently, in accordance with the Journal’s editorial and publication ethics policies. Where appropriate, authors shall be informed of the principal reason(s) for rejection.

6. Authors' Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for ensuring that submitted manuscripts are original, accurate, ethically conducted, and not previously published or under consideration elsewhere. Authors must:

Ensure the originality and integrity of their work and appropriately acknowledge all sources and contributions.
Confirm that the manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration by another journal.
Ensure that all data, results, analyses, and conclusions are accurate and honestly reported, with sufficient information to support their findings.
Declare all sources of funding, relevant conflicts of interest, and any other information that may influence the research or its interpretation.
Ensure that authorship reflects substantial contributions to the work and that all listed authors have approved the final manuscript and agreed to its submission.
Provide a Contributor Role Statement based on the CRediT taxonomy for all manuscripts with more than one author. The statement should identify each author's contributions (e.g., Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing, Supervision, and Funding Acquisition) and be included immediately after the Acknowledgements section.
Cooperate fully with the Editorial Board and reviewers, providing requested explanations, supporting data, clarifications, or revisions when required.
Promptly notify the Journal of any significant error or omission discovered after publication and cooperate in issuing a correction, clarification, or retraction where necessary.
For manuscripts involving field sampling or data obtained from physical oil, gas, or petrochemical facilities, comply with the Journal's requirements for field research and environmental/operational data, as specified in Section 12.4.

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